Are you passionate about teaching and want to share your knowledge with the next generation? Becoming a professor in India is a dream career for many who love academics, research, and mentoring students. But it’s not just about standing in front of a classroom – it’s a journey of education, exams, and experience.
In this blog, we’ll break down how to become a professor in India, step by step – from qualifications to exams, skills needed, and job opportunities.
Who is a Professor?
A professor is a senior academic in a college or university. Professors teach students, guide research, publish papers, and contribute to their field of study. In India, the teaching positions in colleges/universities follow a hierarchy:
- Assistant Professor (entry-level)
- Associate Professor
- Professor (Senior Position)
Step-by-Step Guide to Become a Professor in India
Step 1: Complete Your Graduation (Bachelor’s Degree)
- Choose a subject you’re genuinely interested in (like English, Physics, Economics, etc.)
- Complete your BA / B.Sc / B.Com or relevant UG degree from a recognized university.
- Aim for a high percentage, especially if you want to pursue further studies at top institutions.
Step 2: Complete Post-Graduation (Master’s Degree)
- Enroll in a Master’s program (MA / M.Sc / M.Com or relevant field)
- You must score at least 55% marks (General category) or 50% for SC/ST/OBC to be eligible for the next step.
- Your Master’s degree is mandatory for appearing in UGC NET.
Step 3: Clear the UGC NET / CSIR NET Exam
This is the most important step.
- UGC NET (National Eligibility Test) is conducted by NTA (National Testing Agency).
- It is mandatory for the post of Assistant Professor in Indian colleges and universities.
- If you’re from a science background, you can appear for CSIR NET instead of UGC NET.
- NET Qualified candidates become eligible for:
- Assistant Professor jobs
- Junior Research Fellowship (JRF) (optional for research/PhD funding)
Exam Pattern:
- Paper 1: General Teaching & Research Aptitude
- Paper 2: Subject-specific (based on your Master’s subject)
Pro Tip:
Start preparing during your PG. Use standard books, mock tests, and join online classes if needed.
Step 4: Optional – Do a PhD (Doctor of Philosophy)
- PhD is not mandatory to become an Assistant Professor (after UGC NET), but:
- It is required for promotion to higher posts like Associate Professor and Professor
- PhD holders have better chances in top universities and autonomous institutions
New UGC Guidelines:
- From July 2023, UGC NET is enough to apply for Assistant Professor jobs.
- PhD is compulsory only for promotion, not for entry-level.
Step 5: Apply for Assistant Professor Jobs
Once you qualify NET:
- Apply to colleges, state universities, and central universities.
- Look out for vacancies on:
- https://www.ugc.ac.in/
- University websites like DU, JNU, BHU, etc.
- Prepare a good CV, research proposal (if needed), and get ready for demo lectures & interviews.
Skills Required to Become a Good Professor
- Deep knowledge of your subject
- Communication & presentation skills
- Research and writing skills
- Mentorship abilities
- Patience and passion for teaching
- Constant learning and academic curiosity
Career Growth and Promotion
| Position | Eligibility | Experience Required |
|---|---|---|
| Assistant Professor | NET qualified / PhD | Entry Level |
| Associate Professor | PhD + Research + 8 Years Experience | 8+ Years |
| Professor | PhD + Strong Research & Academic Record | 10+ Years |
| Head of Department | Senior Professors with Leadership Qualities | Senior Most |
Salary of a Professor in India
As per 7th Pay Commission:
| Designation | Pay Level | Monthly Salary (Approx.) |
|---|---|---|
| Assistant Professor | Level 10-12 | ₹57,700 to ₹1,82,200 |
| Associate Professor | Level 13A | ₹1,31,400 to ₹2,17,100 |
| Professor | Level 14 | ₹1,44,200 to ₹2,18,200 |
In private colleges, salaries may vary but can increase with experience and reputation.
Where Can You Work?
- Government Colleges
- Private Universities
- Central Universities (like DU, JNU, AMU, etc.)
- State Universities
- IITs, NITs, IIMs (with PhD + strong research profile)
- Open Universities (IGNOU etc.)
- Research Institutions
Final Thoughts
Becoming a professor in India is not a one-day journey – it requires dedication, qualifications, and passion for education. If you love reading, researching, and guiding students, this career can offer you respect, stability, and a strong purpose.
Don’t be discouraged by competition – start with small steps, clear the NET exam, and gain experience. With time, you can rise through the ranks and make a meaningful impact in the academic world.
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